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Intensity, frequency of tropical cyclones to rise in Indian Ocean: Study

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Cyclones in IOR
Cyclones in IOR

New Delhi, Aug 28 (IANS) The intensity and frequency of tropical cyclones are expected to increase in the north Indian Ocean, warns a study led by an international team of scientists, including those from India.

Tropical cyclones do not form easily near the equator but can intensify rapidly, leaving little time for preparation.

In the study, the team from Kochi’s Cochin University of Science and Technology, as well as from Canada and the US, investigated the number of near-equatorial (originating between 5 degrees N and 11 degrees N) tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean during post-monsoon season (October to December) over the past 60 years.

The results, published in the journal Nature Communications, revealed a marked 43 per cent decline in the number of such cyclones in recent decades (1981-2010) compared to earlier (1951-1980).

The decline in tropical cyclone frequency is primarily due to the weakened low-level vorticity modulated by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and increased vertical wind shear, the researchers said.

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However, “in the presence of low-latitude basin-wide warming and a favourable phase of the PDO, both the intensity and frequency of such cyclones are expected to increase”, they said.

“Such dramatic and unique changes in tropical cyclonic activity due to the interplay between natural variability and climate change call for appropriate planning and mitigation strategies,” they added in the paper.

PDO can be explained as a long-term ocean fluctuation of the Pacific Ocean, which waxes and wanes approximately every 20 to 30 years. And just like El Nino/La Nina, it has an effect on the sea surface temperatures as well as impacting the northeast Indian summer monsoon.

Further, the scientists said the north Indian Ocean in the post-monsoon season (October-November-December or OND) is a hotbed for low-latitude cyclones (LLCs, originating between 5 degrees and 11 degrees latitude) that constitute about 60 per cent of all tropical cyclones formed in the north Indian Ocean (since 1951) but has received relatively less attention.

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The LLCs are much smaller in size than those in higher latitudes but intensify more rapidly. LLCs also can lead to devastating damages due to insufficient warning and preparation time, the scientists said, citing the example of cyclone Ockhi, which travelled over 2,000 km and devastated parts of Sri Lanka and India with extensive damage to properties and the loss of lives of 884 people in November 2017.

Although the LLC frequency has decreased, once an LLC is formed, favourable thermodynamic conditions in the low-latitudes and north of 11 degrees N lead to the strengthening of the cyclonic storms in recent decades. However, the strengthening of LLCs in recent decades must be interpreted with caution due to the unreliability of the tropical cyclone intensity data in the pre-satellite era.

“The results present an interesting situation where remote influence by natural climate variability (PDO) causes fewer cyclones, but favourable local thermodynamic conditions due to global warming make them slightly stronger,” the team said.

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“When this tug-of-war between the natural and anthropogenic forcing changes, and they begin to work synergistically, the risk of severe cyclones in the post-monsoon north Indian Ocean may be amplified,” they said, adding the findings may guide planning and mitigating LLC-induced disaster in the Indian subcontinent.

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India

Without justice existence of any nation is not possible: PM Modi

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New Delhi, Feb 3 (IANS) Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday said that without justice the existence of any nation is not possible.

“Justice is at the root of independent self-governance and without justice even the existence of any nation is not possible,” Modi said while during the inauguration of the Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA) – Commonwealth Attorneys and Solicitors General Conference (CASGC) in New Delhi.

He said when a society collaborates that it is easy to understand each other’s system better.

“Greater understanding brings greater synergy; synergy boosts better and faster justice delivery,” he said.

The theme of the conference was ‘Cross-Border Challenges in Justice Delivery’. The conference will deliberate on important issues pertaining to law and justice like judicial transition and the ethical dimensions of legal practice; executive accountability; and revisiting modern-day legal education, among others.

Throwing light on the radical changes in the nature and scope of crime in recent times, PM Modi pointed out the vast networks created by criminals across countries and their usage of the latest technology both in funding and operations.

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He also drew attention to the fact that economic crimes in one region are being used to fund activities in other regions, and the challenges of the rise of cryptocurrency and cyber threats.

He also highlighted that reform cannot take place without making the justice system more citizen-centric as ease of justice is the pillar of justice delivery.

On Lok Adalats or ‘people’s court’, he said that it provides a settlement mechanism for small cases related to public utility services and is a pre litigation service where thousands of cases are resolved while ensuring ease of justice delivery.

Giving insights into realising the potential of women in every domain, PM Modi suggested making each domain inclusive at the educational level.

He said that an increase in the number of women in law schools will lead to an increase in the number of women in the legal profession.

He also suggested exchanging ideas on how more women can be brought into legal education.

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PM Modi pointed out that India’s legal system was inherited from colonial times, but the last few years have witnessed a record number of reforms.

He mentioned the abolition of thousands of obsolete laws from colonial times, some of which had the potential to become tools to harass people, and underlined that it has boosted ease of living and ease of doing business.

“India is also modernising laws to reflect the present realities,” Modi said, highlighting that the three new legislations have replaced more than 100-year-old colonial criminal laws.

“Earlier, the focus was on punishment and penal aspects. Now, the focus is on ensuring justice. Therefore, citizens have a sense of assurance rather than fear,” he said.

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Tasking Ahmed requests BCB to not consider him for Test cricket: Report

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New Delhi, Feb 3 (IANS) Bangladesh pacer Taskin Ahmed has requested the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) to not consider him for Test cricket as he is battling a lingering shoulder injury, and desires to focus solely on white-ball cricket, according to a report.

Cricbuzz reported that Taskin has written a letter to the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB), pleading for consideration in limited-overs formats to aid his recovery. BCB officials confirmed the development to Cricbuzz but emphasized the need for a comprehensive discussion after the ongoing Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) season.

“He (Taskin) had sent a letter stating that he does not want to play longer-version cricket. After the game (of the ongoing BPL) is over, we will sit with him in this regard,” said Jalal Yunus, BCB’s cricket operation chairman to Cricbuzz.

The decision awaits the input of head coach Chandika Hathurusingha, who has been informed about Taskin’s intentions.

Taskin’s shoulder injury, sustained during the World Cup 2023 match against India, has been a persistent hurdle in his career. Following the tournament, Taskin was sent to a rehabilitation program to regain full fitness and start competitive cricket again. As a result, he missed the two-match Test series at home against New Zealand and the white-ball return tour that followed soon after.

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The dilemma extends beyond the pitch, as Taskin faces the prospect of surgery and a prolonged absence from the game. The BCB’s cautious approach, evident in denying Taskin a NOC for the Indian Premier League (IPL), showcases their concerns about the injury-prone fast bowler.

Interestingly, Mustafizur Rahman, another prominent pacer from Bangladesh too opted out of red-ball cricket to focus on white-ball formats.

While BCB granted NOC to Mustafizur for the IPL, the decision remains contentious for Taskin and Shoriful Islam, both representing the country in Test cricket.

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Now, drones to monitor illegal mining activities in Gurugram, Nuh

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Gurugram, Feb 3 (IANS) The mining department will soon start using drones to keep tabs on illegal mining in Gurugram and Nuh districts.

Recently, the district administration of Gurugram and Nuh have received complaints regarding illegal mining in Rithoj village in Gurugram and Nuh after which the department has decided to use drones to keep an eye on illegal mining.

Anil Atwal, the Mining Officer of Gurugram, who also has additional charge of Nuh distinct said, the department has sent a recommendation of three drones — one for Gurugram district and two for Nuh district — to Gurugram Metropolitan Development of Authority (GMDA) to keep an eye on illegal mining in both the districts.

“Once drones would be procured on time and made available to the mining department, the team will every week conduct survey wherever illegal mining is suspected,” he said.

The officer further said with the help of drones, it will be easy for the officials to access the situations of illegal mining and will also keep an eye on people and vehicles involved in illegal mining.

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“With the help of drones, it will be easy for us to keep a watch on large areas of suspected mining locations. If we receive any complaint regarding illegal mining, the team will visit the spot and fly the drones to access the current situation of the spot,” he said.

Atwal also informed that from April 2023 to January 2024, around 46 vehicles, involved in illegal mining, have been seized in Gurugram while 147 vehicles were seized in Nuh district and a fine has been imposed on them.

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CJI Chandrachud bats for equitable access to legal education

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CJI Chandrachud

New Delhi, Feb 3 (IANS) Batting for equitable access to legal education, Chief Justice of India (CJI) D.Y. Chandrachud on Saturday said that admissions processes to law schools should not only consider academic performance but also factors such as socioeconomic background, diversity, and life experiences.

Delivering an inaugural address at 2024 Commonwealth Attorneys and Solicitors General Conference (CASGC), CJI Chandrachud said that as we strive to modernise legal education, we must also confront the question of equitable access to legal education.

“Entrance tests for admission to law schools must not be exclusionary. We must ensure that our admissions processes are fair, transparent, and inclusive,” he said.

Speaking further, CJI Chandrahcud said that law officers serve as the primary point of contact between the courts and the government and they not only function as representatives of the government but also as officers of the court.

“Law officers bear a greater responsibility in upholding ethical standards compared to private practitioners, given their role as guardians of the rule of law. …It is imperative that law officers remain impervious to the politics of the day and conduct themselves with dignity in court, ensuring the integrity of legal proceedings,” he said.

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The Supreme Court has repeatedly emphasised that law officers and professionals should not only assist the administration of justice but also uphold the honour of the legal profession through exemplary conduct from both within and outside the courtroom, he added.

Citing eCourts Project which aims to leverage technology to improve access to justice for all citizens, CJI Chandrachud said that technology should bring about a transformation, not just automation.

“We must ensure that technological solutions are designed keeping in mind equity and inclusivity, taking into account the diverse needs and capabilities of all our stakeholders,” he said.

Chief Justice Chandrachud said that the Sustainable Development Goals — calling for action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all — resonate deeply with our core constitutional principles of justice, equality, and human rights and these goals are not specific to just India but are intrinsic part of all legal systems.

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Saturday inaugurated the Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA) – Commonwealth Attorneys and Solicitors General Conference (CASGC) 2024 at Vigyan Bhawan.

The Conference will see participation of Attorney Generals and Solicitors from the Commonwealth nations spanning the Asia-Pacific, Africa, and the Caribbean along with various international delegations.

The conference themed ‘Cross-Border Challenges in Justice Delivery’ will deliberate on important issues pertaining to law and justice like judicial transition and the ethical dimensions of legal practice; executive accountability; and revisiting modern-day legal education, among others.

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Law Commission recommends amendments in Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act

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New Delhi, Feb 3 (IANS) The 22nd Law Commission, chaired by Justice Ritu Raj Awasthi (retd), has recommended amendments in the Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act saying that the law passed in 1984 seems to have failed in its stated objective of preventing the destruction of public property.

The panel said that destruction of public property has continued undiminished and the scale of destruction has only increased over the years causing gargantuan losses to the public exchequer and inconvenience to the general public.

It said that the Commission suo moto undertook to prepare its 284th report and did an extensive study of the subject after analysing various relevant constitutional and statutory provisions, numerous judicial pronouncements by the courts across the country, and the incidents involving large scale destruction of public property.

Parliament in 1948 enacted the ‘Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act’ criminalizing the acts of vandalism directed at public property.

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In 2009, the Supreme Court took suo moto cognizance of destruction of public property and issued certain guidelines based on two reports submitted by Justice K. T. Thomas-led committee and Fali S. Nariman-led committee.

The Commission said that the courts in India have been at the forefront in recognizing the right to protest as a facet of the right to freedom of speech and expression and at the same time, cautioned that such right needs to be exercised with restraint and at all times, peacefully.

In its report, the law panel also recommended introducing a separate law or amending Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita or the Indian Penal Code to tackle the issue of prolonged willful obstruction of public property.

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